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Heien v. North Carolina
''Heien v. North Carolina'', , is a decision by the United States Supreme Court, ruling that a police officer's reasonable mistake of law can provide the individualized suspicion required by the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution to justify a traffic stop. The Court delivered its ruling on December 15, 2014.
== Background ==
On April 29, 2009, Maynor Javier Vasquez and Nicholas Heien were traveling along Interstate 77 in North Carolina. Vasquez was driving Heien's car, and Heien was sleeping in the back seat.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Brief for the Petitioner )〕
While watching for "criminal indicators of drivers () passengers", Sergeant Matt Darisse observed Vasquez drive by and thought he appeared "nervous". Sergeant Darisse then began following Vasquez. Vasquez eventually slowed his car when approaching a slower-moving vehicle, and Sergeant Darisse observed the car's right rear brake light hadn't turned on. Sergeant Darisse believed that it was a violation of North Carolina traffic law to drive a vehicle with a broken brake light, so he activated his blue lights and stopped Vasquez (observing that as he did so, the right brake light "flickered on").〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=State v. Heien )〕 Sergeant Darisse informed Vasquez and Heien that he had stopped them for a broken brake light.
During the stop, Sergeant Darisse began to suspect the vehicle might contain contraband. His suspicion increased when Vasquez and Heien claimed, in separate questioning, that they were traveling to different ultimate destinations. Sergeant Darisse then asked Vasquez if he could search the vehicle. Vasquez said he should ask Heien, who said he "d()n't really care". The ensuing search found cocaine.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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